沈陽機械加工為了保證加工精度，粗、精加工Z好分開進行。因為粗加工時，切削量大，工件所受切削力、夾緊力大，發熱量多，以及加工外表有較顯著的加工硬化現象，工件內部存在著較大的內應力，如果粗、粗加工連續進行，則精加工后的零件精度會因為應力的重新散布而很快損失。對于某些加工精度要求高的零件。在粗加工之后和精加工之前，還應組織低溫退火或時效處理工序來消除內應力。

合理(li)(li)(li)地(di)選用設(she)備。粗加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主要是切(qie)掉大(da)部分(fen)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量，并不要求有較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)精度(du)，所以粗加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)在(zai)(zai)功(gong)率較(jiao)大(da)、精度(du)不太高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)床上進行(xing)，精加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)則要求用較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)精度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)床加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。粗、精加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)分(fen)別在(zai)(zai)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)床上加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，既能(neng)(neng)充分(fen)發揮設(she)備才能(neng)(neng)，又能(neng)(neng)延長精細機(ji)床的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用壽命。在(zai)(zai)機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)路線中，常組織(zhi)(zhi)有熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)。熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)方位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)組織(zhi)(zhi)如(ru)下(xia)：為(wei)改善金屬的(de)(de)(de)(de)切(qie)削加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)，如(ru)退(tui)火(huo)、正火(huo)、調(diao)質等(deng)(deng)，一般(ban)組織(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前進行(xing)。為(wei)消(xiao)除內應(ying)力(li)，如(ru)時效處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)、調(diao)質處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)等(deng)(deng)，一般(ban)組織(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)粗加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，精加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)前進行(xing)。為(wei)了(le)提高(gao)(gao)零件的(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)械(xie)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)，如(ru)滲碳、淬火(huo)、回火(huo)等(deng)(deng)，一般(ban)組織(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)機(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)進行(xing)。如(ru)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)后(hou)(hou)有較(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變形，還須組織(zhi)(zhi)Z終加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)。

大型機械(xie)加(jia)工在進行操作時(shi)(shi)其主要(yao)的(de)優勢在必定(ding)層(ceng)度(du)上(shang)就會(hui)具有(you)較高的(de)塑性(xing)(xing)(xing)、韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)以(yi)及(ji)焊(han)接功(gong)能，整個產(chan)品具有(you)必定(ding)的(de)沖(chong)(chong)壓功(gong)能和冷(leng)彎功(gong)能，在進行使用(yong)時(shi)(shi)主要(yao)是(shi)用(yong)于(yu)要(yao)求不高的(de)機械(xie)零(ling)(ling)部件和焊(han)接結構件中(zhong)，比如(ru)其拉桿、連桿、銷、軸、螺(luo)釘、螺(luo)母、支架、底座等。機械(xie)加(jia)工在進行調質處理往后在必定(ding)程度(du)上(shang)就會(hui)具有(you)十分杰出的(de)歸納(na)力(li)學功(gong)能以(yi)及(ji)低(di)溫沖(chong)(chong)擊韌度(du)及(ji)低(di)的(de)缺口(kou)敏感性(xing)(xing)(xing)，杰出的(de)淬透性(xing)(xing)(xing)。油冷(leng)時(shi)(shi)可得較高的(de)強度(du)，水冷(leng)時(shi)(shi)零(ling)(ling)件容易發(fa)生裂紋。回火或調質后切(qie)削(xue)加(jia)工性(xing)(xing)(xing)好，但焊(han)接性(xing)(xing)(xing)欠好，易發(fa)生裂紋。

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